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Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a chronic deterioration and dysfunction of the outer retinal tissue and Bruch’s membrane (BrM). It is the leading cause of vision loss in people older than 60 years and is estimated to affect 288 million people by 2040 with 39 million new cases by 2050.1,2 AMD has the highest economic burden […]

Retinal pharmacotherapy encompasses various drug delivery routes that offer potential avenues for effective treatment (Figure 1). Among these, intravitreal injections have emerged as the predominant method employed in clinical practice.1 They have established themselves as the primary approach for administering anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy, serving as the frontline treatment for neovascular age-related macular degeneration […]

Welcome to the latest edition of touchREVIEWS in Ophthalmology, which aims to provide a forum for doctors and healthcare professionals to find the most recent advances in all areas of ophthalmology and visual sciences. We begin with two editorials; John Meyer explores a potential new treatment option for demodex blepharitis, TP-03 (lotilaner ophthalmic solution, 0.25%), which has […]

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is characterized by age-associated thinning of the macula and formation of drusen. It has substantial global prevalence, especially in the older population, and it is the primary cause of permanent loss of vision in individuals 50 years and older in developd countries.1 Degeneration in the early and intermediate stages is known as […]

Modern treatments for wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD) have progressed tremendously in the last decade, with the rise of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) intravitreal injections as the standard-of-care. Both aflibercept (Eylea®, Regeneron, Tarrytown, NY, USA) and ranibizumab (Lucentis®, Genentech, San Francisco, CA, USA) have become the gold standard for anti-VEGF agents. Initially, patients with […]